An ECN broker gets its currency pricing from several liquidity providers such as banks, market makers or other traders who are connected to the system. When an order is placed, it is routed to the best available bid or ask price in its system. Unlike the case of some market makers, spreads on ECNs are variable rather than fixed. Although ECN-type brokers typically charge a small commission, you can usually get tighter spreads on many currency pairs due to the large liquidity pool available.

Risks of trade manipulation are also minimised when using genuine ECN brokers as compared to brokers that operate dealing desks. This aspect of OTC shifts the odds of success against individual traders, especially if the forex broker acts as a market maker. Since traders have to deal directly with their brokers, the latter will usually hold the opposite side of the transactions. Because of the inherent conflict of interest that exists, this arrangement does not sit well with many individual traders as they fear that the market maker will trade against them, and that is not an uncommon practice in the market making industry.

No information on volume Since buy and sell transactions are not cleared by a central system, there is no way of knowing the total volume of trade. Lack of volume data can pose a challenge to stocks or futures traders who have made the switch to currencies as they may have become used to checking volume. No singular exchange rate at any one time Exchange rates do differ from place to place, screen to screen, depending on which parties are offering what.

Cash transactions take place between countless parties at any one time, and there is no exchange which records all these transactions. Some independent traders are not even aware of this peculiar aspect of OTC dealings. Since there can be a few different prices for a currency pair at any one time, you may not be able to see what is the best available price if you trade through only one market maker.

Generally, though, the rates provided by market makers to retail traders are quite close to the pricing quoted in the interbank market. No standard data Exchange rates differ from one market maker to another because there is no consensus specified by a centralised market. Different market makers have different rates at the same time although usually not differing by more than a few pips.

A trader would have to accept what is being quoted by his broker unless he compares prices with other brokers. Price charts from different price feed vendors will also look slightly different as they each have their own data source. Although, in general, the currency prices are quite similar.

The forex trading day Also, being a hour market, boundaries of a trading day are blurred. Traders from around the world are in various time zones. Traders from, say, Singapore would display a different timing from their US counterparts — who tend to display EST Eastern Standard Timing on their price charts.

While the trading arena has had a boost from the CME-Reuters joint venture of a central forex exchange, it remains to be seen if that can benefit independent traders. Trade manipulation by some market-making brokers is something that is difficult for traders to prove, and something that is easy for the culprits to dismiss.

However, despite the limitations that come with the OTC territory, spot forex trading can be extremely financially rewarding for those who are aware of the limitations and know how to deal with them.

And trading forex is not one of the easiest ways — despite what many new traders believe. Many traders fail, and they empty their trading accounts before they learn how to exploit the forex market to their advantage. Although there are also traders who are successful in forex trading, their numbers are small compared to the majority of losers. Many times, traders are not aware that they have the power and might to shift the odds to their favour, that they can dramatically increase their chances of success if they want to.

The main reason why many traders get defeated by the market can be attributed to their lack of knowledge. In this 21st century, where the buzzword is knowledge, it is not just a matter of working hard, but also a matter of working smart. Knowledge is the key that can open many doors — if you have an intimate knowledge of how something works, you can then come up with ways to exploit what you know to your advantage. This applies to forex trading as well.

You need to know how to identify high probability trade setups and how to manage your money wisely. For every transaction in the forex market, there are winners and losers.

Your goal is to make more overall profits than losses over a period of time, and to emerge an overall winner. My approach to consistent trading success lies in three main pillars, or the 3Ms: Mind, Money and Method. It is often said that we are our own worst enemy. Human beings are emotional creatures, and most of our decisions are guided more by emotions than logical thinking.

Our mind is capable of playing tricks on us; we can get seduced into unfavourable situations by our emotions. Emotions can work for us or against us. Sometimes they can save us from landing in a pile of sticky mess, but sometimes they can land us in it. We can also turn the tables around by playing tricks on our mind, making it believe whatever we want it to believe. Do you have the mental strength? Whether you are new to trading currencies or a forex trader who has some experience, here are some questions to ask yourself: Do you really have a strong desire to succeed in forex trading?

Sure, every one wants to succeed in something, but do you have the desire to want to succeed in forex trading? First of all, this field is not for every one, for you must have the passion for it. If you just want to try your luck, or dabble, in trading, you will just end up among the majority who lose their money. You must have the deep desire to want to accomplish your goals, because without this desire, your thoughts will not materialise into action, and it is action that could transform your goals to reality.

To be a successful trader, you must be highly self-motivated, have a concrete plan of action, and not be afraid of failure. Are you prepared to devote a lot of time and effort into picking up trading skills and knowledge? To be really good at anything, you need skills and knowledge in that field.

A huge amount of time, effort and money is required for a trader to attain consistent success in forex trading. Despite the availability of forex trading-related resources on the internet, and in the bookstores, traders can find it quite daunting to learn about trading on their own as they do not know what there is to be known.

I recommend that you check out those which are offered by skilled and practising instructors. Note: Be wary of signing up for courses or seminars that are full of hype, for they can be very misleading. Avoid those that give you the impression that you can attain consistent profits after two days of intensive learning, or those that require you to purchase expensive software. While there are some shortcuts to gaining knowledge via courses or seminars, there is no substitute for honing your trading skills in the market.

Are you willing to accept losses as part of trading? Every one makes mistakes, and mistakes are inevitable. Got a trading loss? Then whip out your trading log to record what your mistakes are and what you have learnt from that losing trade. Always have something positive to take away from your losses, and treat it as a learning experience.

Know that there will be other trades coming your way. Are you willing to take sole responsibility for your trading decisions? You read some market analysis, and then trade according to what the analyst is saying. That trade turns out to be a loser, and you turn around to blame it on that market report. It is dangerous to blame losses on other people, the forex market, or the stars, for you are the only person responsible for pulling the trigger.

And if you blame others you will never be able to find out how you can improve. Fear and greed Fear and greed are the two dominant emotions that affect not just the state of our mind, but also the currency market.

In fact, the fluctuations of these two emotions are the main drivers of the currency market. There are, of course, other emotions that exist in the market such as disappointment, regret and so on, but fear and greed are the principal forces that tilt the scales of supply and demand of currencies.

When traders feel overly optimistic about a country or its currency, they become consumed by the great hope that the currency would appreciate in value against another currency. They are then guided by this hope and greed to buy the currency pair now so that they could hopefully sell it at a higher price in the future.

Greed then grows into euphoria, as traders continue to buy and buy, thus taking currency prices to newer highs. When people are buying a currency with great hope, they are also selling the other currency in the pair with great fear. On the other hand, when currency prices go down, fear and greed are also the main drivers of the move. All in all, fear and greed are behind the steering wheel of the currency market. So, while you must learn to recognise these emotions in the market, the problem comes when you allow them to distort your logic when it comes to making trading decisions, as most of these decisions will turn out bad, and are likely to cause you to regret your actions later.

Since there is no way of banishing these emotions for good, the best thing to do is to control these emotions, instead of letting them control the way you think and act. Face and control your fears Since greed can be categorised as a kind of fear, which is the fear of missing out, I will discuss the primary types of fears relating to trading, and how they can be overcome.

The first step to preventing fears from ruining your trading performance is to recognise the various forms of fear that is connected to trading. And once you recognise the type of fear you are experiencing, the easier it is for you to handle that emotional obstacle so that you can trade better.

That is the key to emotion-free trading. It is not about pretending that those fears do not exist, but how you handle them that matters. Here are some common trading-related fears. Fear of missing out Why do so many people rush to departmental store sales, or rushed to buy technology stocks during the dot-com boom?

Any kind of buying mania stems from a very strong emotion that is commonly invoked in people, and that is the fear of missing out. In trading, this fear manifests itself especially during a sharp rally or decline of a currency pair. Your heart begins to pound really fast, and you have a million thoughts zipping through your brain, with most of the thoughts urging you to buy now, now, now.

I am losing out! Traders suffering from this type of fear are usually the ones who get onto a trend too late. Be disciplined and hold off that mouse whenever you sense that this type of fear is creeping up on you. Think instead of all those traders who are pouring dumb money into the market, and be glad that you know better than them not to join in the craze.

Fear of losses Trading is a game — there will be winners, and there will be losers. Sometimes you win some, sometimes you lose some. Losses are bound to happen, no matter how accurate a trading system may be. The fear of losing is most prominent in new traders as they do not yet have adequate trading skills and knowledge to help assess and evaluate trading opportunities with a high level of confidence.

This can lead to trading paralysis, whereby traders become afraid of pulling the trigger when it comes to entering or exiting trades as they fear losing money or a big portion of their trading capital. However, if you have a reasonable stop-loss order in place, that is in accordance to your money management rules, you should have no reason of being fearful of damaging the trading account based on just one trade.

That is what stop-loss orders are for — to guard against huge losses. When you do encounter hesitancy in pulling the trigger, evaluate if you have valid reasons for doing so or if you are simply held back by fear. Traders just have to get used to the reality that losses are inevitable. The trick is to ensure that your losses are kept small so that you do not harm both your trading account and your state of mind.

A trader does not have to be right. It does not matter at all whether he or she is right or wrong; what counts is whether he or she is profitable in the long run.

Traders should not be hung up on the outcome of single trades, or even a few trades, as trading performance has to be assessed over a period of time. What matters is that you end up profitable over a period of time. Once you place less emphasis on being correct on a current trade, your fear of making wrong decisions should abate, thus enabling you to make better trading decisions without feeling burdened by the overwhelming pressure to be correct in that trade.

Remember that there will be times of losses and times of profits, which is why it is so important to enter only trades that have a high probability of success. Focus on the big picture Do not get caught up in feeling invincible or pessimistic after a win or a loss. As trading is a very highly charged and emotional activity, it is very easy for traders to oscillate between emotional highs and lows.

The outcome of just one trade should not affect your overall performance, unless you have violated proper risk management guidelines by betting the farm on a single trade or by over-leveraging. A trade is just one of many trades. When you are wrong on one trade or several trades, try not to beat yourself up or feel regret. Instead, analyze to see where and how you could have done better in those trades or what mistakes you may have made, and record what you have learnt from them.

If there was really nothing that could have been preventable, just accept that the market is unpredictable. The outcome of one or a few winning or losing trades should not be magnified. Other trades will surely come.

I strongly believe that once a trader has honed his or her trading skills, the ultimate factor that will affect his or her overall profitability is money management skills. Money management is all about managing the possible risks, and it is the defining factor that separates winners and losers in forex trading. Novice traders think of how much they can harvest from the market; experienced traders think of how much they can lose to the market. Many traders are so eager to trade to make big money that they completely overlook money management.

Poor money management also explains why so many traders get wiped out by the market. Money management is about fully optimising your trading capital. It allows you to be proactive in managing risks, and to cope with trading losses — which are part and parcel of the game. It is an essential tool to ensure that you will have more than enough to last another day in the trading game. No matter how good a trading system may be, there will be times when you will experience a series of losses.

Success comes to those who have set down rules for money management, and have the discipline to follow them through their trading. Preserve your capital The shining light that attracts all traders to the forex market is the prospect of being able to grow their money by tapping into the online trading platform as their own in-house money tree. In almost any field, it is true that most people are drawn to short-term benefits, but are myopic when it comes to long-term planning.

Trading is no exception. When risk capital is put aside for trading, you are hoping that this amount of money could be transformed into a much bigger amount; otherwise, what would be the point of risking it? But if this capital runs out, what can you bank on to make your desired profits? After all, money begets money. To drive home the importance of capital preservation, I will discuss the concept of drawdown, and how that is relevant to money management. In other words, it is the amount of money that you lose — it is usually expressed as a percentage of your total trading equity at any given time.

Drawdown is not an indication of your overall trading performance, as it is calculated when you have a losing trade against your new equity high or your original equity, depending on which is higher. Recovering from drawdown As drawdown gets bigger and bigger, it becomes increasingly difficult to recover the equity.

Many people are not aware that in order to recoup the percentage of equity that they lose, they will need to gain a bigger percentage just to break even. The answer is no. It will require an Let me show you with numbers. OK, that is not scary yet, but if you start losing more and more of your capital bigger and bigger drawdowns , the faster you will go down the rabbit hole.

While many traders hope for that One Big Win that will magically transform them into millionaires overnight, they are more likely to be confronted with the One Big Loss that will threaten their survival in the forex market if they do not exercise careful money management.

If a trader has a big loss, he or she will have to spend more time to get back to where he or she was before, instead of using the time to make profits.

Traders who burn out quickly in the market are those who do not show respect for risk. On the other hand, traders who have flourished are those who fully understand the importance of stringent money management and incorporate that into their trading approach. There is no way around to recouping slowly, unless you want to drive yourself to total destruction by risking more and more of your equity to try to make back your losses.

Holding on to a losing trade for too long is the biggest cause of a big drawdown. Be well-capitalised Most new traders run out of money even before they see any profits in their trading account.

Indeed, those who are new to trading most likely do not have a good understanding of the risks and dangers that are lurking in the market, and few even know what drawdown means or have even heard of this word. Many of them do know that trading can be very risky if they do not know what they are doing or how things work in the currency market and, to them, one of the obvious but incorrect ways to limit this risk is by allocating just a small amount of money to their trading account.

There are also many new traders who begin their trading business with little initial capital as they simply do not have enough money. Whatever their reasons may be, being under-capitalised will be more than just a mistake; it is often the prelude to trading failure. Forex traders who want to set themselves up for success must be well-capitalised.

Never mind that some retail brokers are offering a minimum account deposit of just a few hundred dollars — a paltry amount that almost every one can afford. Sufficient initial capital must be available to cushion the impact of a string of consecutive losses, so that you do not wipe out your trading account. A series of losses is really not that uncommon in trading, and all traders must be financially prepared for it. Those with insufficient trading capital tend to set really tight stops, which will naturally then lead to a higher probability of being stopped out.

They also tend to have a good chunk of their account eaten away by unreasonably large losses in relation to their trading account, if they do not set tight stops. So it seems that whichever way they turn, they are setting themselves up for failure, unless they are willing to trade smaller lot sizes. Looking outside of trading, many other businesses fail because the owners often do not have enough capital to tide them over the initial starting phase.

For example, a new restaurant owner must set aside enough money to pay the rent of the restaurant for at least a few months to a few years, assuming that the restaurant would not make any net profits in that period of time. If the owner only has enough to pay for two months rent from his or her own pocket, and the restaurant is still not making enough to cover the rent and other expenses in the third month, how do you think the business is going to sustain itself?

The entire business could fail, not because of the business model, but because of the lack of sufficient capital to keep the business running while the customer base builds up. Trading, as I have mentioned before, must be treated just like any other business, not a frivolous casual pursuit. The point is this: by starting off sufficiently capitalised, you are more likely to adhere to your money management rules and, by doing so, you are really giving yourself a good fighting chance in the market.

Losses are really just part of the trading game. If trading losses are kept manageable and reasonable, they should not dent your trading account too much, provided that you are well-capitalised.

Knowing when to get out of a losing position in the currency market is a very important tool of risk management. Stop-loss orders allow traders to set an exit point for a losing trade, and are the best weapon against emotional trading.

While I recommend that traders place a stop-loss order at the time of placing their entry order, mental stops may also be used — but preferably by traders who are more disciplined. From experience, it is much wiser to have a wider but reasonable stop than to have an unreasonably tight stop. Generally, a stop-loss order should not be shifted in the losing direction while a position is opened. A good trader should know beforehand when to cut his or her losses, and also when to get out of the market with profits.

It is indeed the elusive factor that courts the relentless determination of its seekers. Want to know where it lies? It only exists in the creative part of the mind — together with fairies and gnomes. There is no perfect formula or strategy that can achieve that unrealistic goal because people who are involved in the financial markets evolve with changing market circumstances, even though certain old habits die hard.

Despite the non- existence of the magic formula, there are certainly high probability ways of trading the forex market. While the bulk of this book is focused on the Method part, you need to combine Method with both Money and Mind in order to attain success in the trading business. The old question: technicals or fundamentals?

There are generally three broad categories of forex traders pertaining to what they base their trading decisions on: 1. the technical trader, 2. the fundamental trader, 3. the trader who combines both technicals and fundamentals. Each type of trader has a distinctively different way of interpreting the currency market based on his or her own opinions. Technical trading A technical trader believes that historical data has a big role in the forecasting of future price action, and is thus devoted to currency price chart analysis, making use of various charting tools such as support and resistance levels, trendlines and a myriad of chart indicators to understand past price behaviour so as to predict what the market will do next.

Most forex traders employ some kind of technical analysis to help them make trading decisions. Technical traders assume that everything that is to be known about the market has already been factored into the current price.

Fundamental traders believe that the exchange rate of currencies are largely driven by economic and geopolitical conditions, aside from central bank interventions, and will keep track of economic data such as trade balances, inflation, Gross Domestic Product GDP , unemployment rates, interest rates and so on.

They are also concerned about what policymakers have to say regarding the monetary policy of the country, and will keep on top of these when speeches are scheduled. Combing technicals and fundamentals Since there are advantages of analyzing the forex market from these two different fields, it would be too restrictive to just side with one area and ignore the other. The most effective traders tend to make trading decisions based on a combination of both technical and fundamental factors in order to get a feel of the overall market sentiment, and then decide to either trade that sentiment or to trade against it taking a contrarian approach.

The strategies taught in this book must always be combined with the prevailing market sentiment, which is influenced mainly by fundamentals. Some strategies may work well for some traders, but may not have the same results for others over a period of time. This may seem puzzling for some people who are wondering that if something works for someone, then it should work for other people as well. In trading, there are so many other factors specific to each trader that can influence the overall trading performance — his or her emotions, psychology, trading time frame, money management rules, lifestyle, trading capital and so on.

The strategies included in this book are open to customisation according to your own personal preference. Many traders do not give themselves the fighting chance and time to stay in the game as they are prone to getting wiped out very quickly. The Ten Rules For Forex Trading I list here ten rules that I think are important for trading forex.

Dos 1. When trying out a new trading strategy, always test it in a demo account, or with a small amount of money, before you commit more money to it. Always keep a record of each of your trades, with details of: why you got in, how you got out and why it turned out the way it did.

Have a personalised trading plan and update it as you learn from the market. If you are unsure of a trade, stay out. It is better to miss an opportunity than to have a loss. When trading, keep up-to-date with both the fundamentals and technicals affecting the market.

A trader in the dark is a trader in the red. It will affect you emotionally, and you will most likely lose it to irrational trading. Always know why you are getting into a trade, and how you are going to get out of it. Just be concerned about being profitable. Chances are that your account will be decimated before you can recoup your losses and go into profit. Vent your frustrations elsewhere after a loss. Do you see it as a big mechanical matrix which is devoid of emotions? Or do you think of it in mathematical and probability terms?

Perhaps, you may even view it as just a vast network of computers which are designed to cheat the trader sitting in front of his or her computer and trading electronically. Most traders I know have a love-hate relationship with the forex market, thinking that the market is, in turn, either against them or for them. To me, the forex market is nothing more than the compressed display of emotions at any one time emanating from currency speculators around the world.

It is similar to a big living organism, like a human being, which is made up of numerous cells, with each cell carrying out its own function and interacting with other cells of the body, working to keep the body alive with round-the-clock chemical and biological processes.

The forex market is alive as a macro living organism, which comprises a vast number of market participants acting out their perceptions and emotions, thus driving the blood around the invisible entity. The participation of each player, whether the player is an institutional dealer or an independent trader, is akin to the individual functioning of a cell, which collectively will constitute the whole organism — the forex market in this case.

Knowing what the market thinks and how it thinks is crucial to trading success because, ultimately, the trader is dealing with other traders out there, and needs to know what they are thinking.

Even if you see the market as an enemy, what could be better than knowing the weak points and being able to read the mind of your adversary? In this chapter, I shall focus on how you can better understand the market, and use that knowledge as one of your trading weapons.

Market sentiment is simply what the majority of the market is perceived to be thinking or feeling about the market — it is the most important factor that drives the currency market. This is so because traders tend to act based on what they feel and think of certain currencies, regarding their strength or weakness relative to other currencies. Market sentiment sums up the overall dominating emotion of the majority of the market participants, and explains the current actions of the market, as well as the future course of actions of the market.

The trend adopted by the forex market is actually a reflection of the current market sentiment, which in turn guides the trading decisions of other traders, whether they should long or short a currency pair. In the process of making educated trading decisions, traders have to weigh a multitude of factors which could influence the bias of a currency, before making up their minds about the current and future state of certain currencies. There are three main types of sentiment when it comes to forming opinions in the forex market: 1.

bullish, 2. bearish or 3. just plain confused. If the majority of the market wants to sell that currency, the market sentiment is deemed to be bearish; if the majority wants to buy that currency, the market sentiment is bullish; and when most market participants are unsure of what to do at the moment, the sentiment ends up being mixed. Market sentiment acts like a fickle lover, capable of changing its mind based on certain incoming new information which can upset the existing sentiment.

One moment everyone could be buying the US dollar in anticipation of a stronger dollar; the next second they could all be dumping it as they fear the dollar would start to weaken due to the impact of some new piece of information, which is almost always some fundamental news. Interest rates Trends in interest rates are one of the most significant factors influencing market sentiment, as interest rates play a huge role affecting the supply and demand of currencies.

Every currency in the world has interest rates attached to them, and these rates are decided by central banks. Some currencies have higher interest rates than others, and these are usually the currencies that attract the most attention from savvy international investors who are always looking across the global landscape in the continual search for a better interest rate yield on fixed-income investments.

This, of course, also depends on the geopolitical or economic risks of that particular currency. Just like when a bank lends money to a higher-risk borrower, high-risk currencies require a significantly higher interest rate for investors to consider keeping money in those currencies.

What causes fluctuations in interest rates? The value of money can and does decrease when there is an upward revision of prices of most goods and services in a country. The nice word for this erosion in value is, of course, inflation. Controlling inflation Central banks are responsible for ensuring price stability in their own country, and one of the ways they employ to fight inflationary pressures is through the setting of interest rates. If inflation risks are seen to be edging upward in, say, the US, the Fed would raise the federal funds rate, which is the rate at which banks charge each other for overnight loans.

When the overnight rate is changed, retail banks will change their prime lending rates accordingly, hence affecting businesses and individuals. An increase in interest rates is an attempt to make money more expensive to borrow so that there will be a gradual decrease in demand for that currency, thus slowing down an overheated economy.

Interest rates and currencies The most important way in which interest rates can influence currency prices is through the widespread practice of the carry trade.

A carry trade involves the borrowing and subsequent selling of a certain currency with a relatively low interest rate, then using the funds to buy a currency which gives a higher interest rate, in an attempt to gain the difference between these two rates — which is known as the interest rate differential. The trader is paid interest on the currency he or she is long in, and must pay interest on the currency he or she is shorting.

This difference is the cost of carry. Therefore, a currency with a higher interest rate tends to be highly sought after by investors looking for a higher return on their investments.

The increased demand for that particular currency will thus push up the currency price against other currencies. For instance, in there was a strong interest among Japanese investors to invest in New Zealand dollar-denominated assets due to rising interest rates in New Zealand. The then near-zero interest rates in Japan forced a lot of Japanese investors to look outside of their country for better yields on cash deposits or fixed- income instruments.

See Figure 5. When forex traders anticipate this kind of situation, they become more inclined to buy that high-interest-rate currency as well, knowing that there is likely to be massive buying interest for that currency. So, in general, rising interest rates in a country should boost the market sentiment regarding the currency of that country. The opposite is true too: when interest rates are cut in a country, that would result in quite a bearish sentiment regarding the currency of that country, and traders would be more willing to sell than buy that particular currency.

Economic growth Besides interest rates, economic growth of countries can also have a big impact on the overall currency market sentiment. Since the United States has the largest economy in the world, the US economy is a key factor in determining the overall market sentiment, especially of currency pairs that have the USD component. A robust economic expansion, coupled with a healthy labour market, tends to boost consumer spending in that country, and this helps companies and businesses to flourish.

This is a strategy for persistent traders. Understanding how economic factors affect the market or technical trends is essential in forecasting trading ideas. Mid-term trading is a speculative strategy. With this strategy, the trader will have to find a way to take advantage of the trading margin limits as well as the market trend.

By selecting the 'top' and 'trough', traders can enter into suitable long and short positions. Mid-term trades are so named because positions are usually held between a few hours and a few days.

Long-term trends are favored because traders can capitalize on the trend at multiple points along the trend. Forex trading requires a combination of factors to form a trading strategy that works for you. There are countless strategies you can adopt. However, it is essential to understand and feel comfortable with the strategy. Every trader has unique goals and resources, which is something you need to consider when choosing the right strategy.

To easily compare forex strategies on three criteria, the article has shown these criteria in a bubble chart. The horizontal axis is the time invested representing the amount of time it takes to actively monitor trades. The strategy that requires the most amount of time is scalping due to its high and frequent trading frequency. Every trader needs to find effective forex trading strategies PDF that suit their trading style.

Choose your own trading strategy by finding your preferred time frame, desired position size and the number of trades you want to open. Scalping is a popular trading strategy that involves opening multiple trades in a short period of time to take advantage of smaller market movements.

Day traders tend to open and close all trades within a day. Position trading is intended specifically for more patient traders with a background in finance and economics as they seek to profit from long-term market trends. I'm currently living in Bangkok, Thailand. I have been trading forex for more than 5 years. You can read my articles about the best forex brokers on this page.

I made my profits during the covid19 pandemic investing with a professional broker Mr. Fanara Filippo. I'm now on my way to financial freedom. Markets always win the best trade is no trade education in the market is key.

FOREX BROKERS WITH THE BEST FOREX DEMO ACCOUNT IN ! CLICK TO SEE FULL LIST. Jan 26 WHO ARE THE SWAP FREE FOREX BROKERS? Jan 02 ALL TYPES OF FOREX BROKERS IN SEE FULL LIST NOW! Jan 12 WHO ARE THEY? Jan 03 THE 8 BEST FOREX BROKERS IN INDIA Dec 25 4 Forex trading strategies obviously play an important role when you work with the best forex brokers. Learn more about: 4 forex successful trading strategies Price action trading - learn a new strategy now Forex scalping strategies - forex trading strategies for beginners PDF Scalping trading strategy Scalping is a popular trading strategy that focuses on smaller market movements.

Day trading strategy Day trading involves the process of buying and selling currencies in just 1 trading day. Position trading strategy Position trading is a long term strategy. Price Action strategy Price action trading is trading based on the study of price history to build technical trading strategies.

Trading strategy between price zones Trading between price zones is about identifying support and resistance points. Trend trading strategy Trend trading is a simple Forex trading strategy used by many traders of all levels.

Long term trading strategy Long term trading strategy mainly focuses on fundamentals, however, technical methods such as Elliott Wave Theory can be used. Medium-term trading strategy Mid-term trading is a speculative strategy. Effective forex trading strategies Forex trading requires a combination of factors to form a trading strategy that works for you.

Are there three criteria traders can use to compare whether strategies are a good fit? Time spent on the transaction Frequency of trading opportunities Typical distance to target To easily compare forex strategies on three criteria, the article has shown these criteria in a bubble chart.

Conclusion Every trader needs to find effective forex trading strategies PDF that suit their trading style. BRKV Jun 07 BRKV May 05 BRKV Apr 28 BRKV Apr 14 Jason Sep 22 I made my profits during the covid19 pandemic investing with a professional broker Mr. Check there is no major upcoming news about to come out before you place a trade.

Once price enters into the ZONE, wait for the pullback and open a trade, sell for down trend and buy for up trend. The 50 EMA is our gauge for the strength of the trend, in a good strong trend it should be pointing up or down at about 30 degrees from horizontal. Stochastic oscillator must be in oversold area below 20 or overbought area above 80 If market is in uptrend, look for a red candle. If market is in a downtrend, look for a green candle.

Once you see your signal candle, enter in that same direction and aim for 10 pips. Stop loss at 20 pips or according to your trading rules. We are going to use higher time frame to find a setup 15 min and then drop down to a lower time frame 5 min to look for the actual trade.

Long Trade Setup: Step 1 — On the higher time frame, the moving averages and the histograms must all be in alignment. After price touches the 5 EMA, the 3 EMA is likely to drop below the 5 EMA, this is ok! As long as the 5 EMA remains over the 15 EMA and the 15 EMA remains over the 45 EMA, we are still good to go.

The candle that touches the 5 EMA doesn't have to close. In an uptrend, the candle that touches the 5 EMA will be a red bear candle. Step 3 — Immediately switch to the lower time frame As soon as the price touches the 5 EMA on the higher time frame, we immediately drop down to the lower time frame This is the time frame we are trading.

Step 4 — On the lower time frame, wait for a buy signal. There are 4 aspects to a buy signal: Price closes above all the moving averages The 15 EMA is above the 45 EMA Both histograms are green The higher time frame is still bullish moving averages still in the right order and the histograms are still green. When the higher time frame and everything is still looking good, we can place a market order at the close of the entry candle.

Step 5 — On the lower time frame, determine stop loss placement and profit target. Place stop loss below the recent swing low. Profit target is the same as stop loss. Reward to risk ratio is Short Trade Setup: Step 1 — On the higher time frame, the moving averages and the histograms must all be in alignment. There are 4 aspects to a sell signal: Price closes below all the moving averages The 15 EMA is under the 45 EMA Both histograms are red The higher time frame is still bearish moving averages still in the right order and the histograms are still red.

Place stop loss above the recent swing high. Remember to wait till the previous 5 minute bar closes before placing a trade, or closing any open trades. Wait for the 5 minute bar to close before taking the trade. Setup At EST New York Time , draw a box enclosing the high and low of the previous hour.

This signal is only valid for one hour after it is generated. Initial stop loss for the BUY trade is the bottom of the box. Initial stop loss for the SELL trade is the top of the box. Place a trailing stop equivalent to the size of the box to capture the profits gained. The RSI should be below 20 now. So would the stochastic. If the next candle retrace back through the Red Bollinger Band, the RSI falls above the 20 level and the stochastic crosses lines above or just 40 you put in a buy order.

Sell Entry: Wait for the candle to touch or penetrate the Red Bollinger Band. The RSI should be above 80 now. If the next candle retrace back through the Red Bollinger Band, the RSI falls below the 80 level and the stochastic crosses lines just below 60 you put in a sell order.

Exit: Stop loss on Yellow or Orange Band Take profit: On middle band. Initial stop set at five bar low from entry. Exit half of the position at two times risk; move stop to breakeven. Exit second half when price breaks below 50 EMA by 10 pips. Do not take the trade if the price is simply trading between the 50 and EMA.

Short Trades: Wait for the currency to trade below both the 50 EMA and EMA. Once the price has broken below the 50 EMA by 10 pips or more enter short if MACD crosses to negative within the last five bars; otherwise wait for next MACD signal. Initial stop set at five bar high from entry. Exit half of the position at two times risk, move the stop to breakeven.

Exit remaining position when the price breaks back above the 50 EMA by 10 pips. If the 40 EMA is above the 80 EMA we look to buy when the CCI indicators crosses from below 0. If the 40 EMA is below the 80 EMA we look to sell when the CCI indicators crosses from above 0.

edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. To browse Academia. edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Frequently, they will complain that a strategy doesn't work. Few people understand that successful trading of the FOREX market entails the application of the right strategy for the right market condition.

Grace Cheng highlights seven trading strategies, each of which is to be applied in a unique way and is designed for differing market conditions. She shows how traders can use the various market conditions to their advantage by tailoring the strategy to suit each one. This revealing book also sheds light on how the FOREX market works, how you can incorporate sentiment analysis into your trading, and how trading in the direction of institutional activity can give you a competitive edge in the trading arena.

This invaluable book is ideal for new and current traders wanting to improve their trading performance. Filled with practical advice, this book is a must-read for traders who want to know exactly how they can make money in the FOREX market. wilson putra. this is something you have looking for when making serious decision about Dollar investment stuff.

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Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Continue Reading Download Free PDF. Related Papers. How To Trade Dollar. Download Free PDF View PDF. How to Make a Living Trading Foreign Exchange. The 10 Essentials of Forex Trading -free-ebook-download. com Website: www. com First published in Great Britain in by Harriman House.

Copyright © Harriman House Ltd The right of Grace Cheng to be identified as the author has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Design and Patents Act ISBN British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this book can be obtained from the British Library. All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Publisher.

This book may not be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise disposed of by way of trade in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published without the prior written consent of the Publisher.

Printed and bound in Great Britain by Biddles Ltd, Kings Lynn, Norfolk. Index by Indexing Specialists UK Ltd No responsibility for loss occasioned to any person or corporate body acting or refraining to act as a result of reading material in this book can be accepted by the Publisher, by the Author, or by the employer of the Author. Designated trademarks and brands are the property of their respective owners. Dedication I dedicate this book to my husband, Pedro.

Thank you for your constant encouragement, support and love. This book is also dedicated to my loving parents who have always believed in me. She has also been featured in newspapers, magazines, newsletters and on TV. Grace is the creator of the PowerFX Course which is designed for both new and intermediate traders to jump-start their trading performance. Grace has mentored hundreds of independent traders through her PowerFX Course.

Her web site is at: www. And the development of sophisticated online foreign exchange trading platforms in recent years has attracted many traders to the market — traders who seek an income in addition to their day job or those who wish to trade a new market besides stocks and futures. Who this book is for This book is primarily for those who are new to the world of currency trading and are curious about how they can make money from the forex market.

Existing traders who are trading on demo or live accounts should also find some useful advice in this book. Some knowledge of candlestick charting is assumed as I will be using candlesticks to display the high, low, opening and closing prices in the charts throughout the book. All you need to start is a computer with fast and stable internet access and a relatively small account with a broker. About this book This book describes seven fundamental and technical trading strategies for trading the foreign exchange markets.

The purpose of this book is to show you how you can trade forex with these winning strategies. I will share with you some new ideas, interesting concepts, and the nuts and bolts of how you can implement each strategy more effectively. This book is quite different from traditional technical analysis books because, while those books may document the reliability of certain technical patterns, I will explain in this book why certain technical patterns do not work as well in the forex market and therefore need adapting.

For example, I have increasingly noticed that in recent times the first attempt of a price breakout more often than not results in a failure. The strategies that I am going to share with you are suitable for trading the forex market in any time frame — ranging from minutes to weeks. Throughout the book I also explain certain aspects of the forex market so that you can gain an insight into how the market behaves.

Flexibility is required for the trader to adapt his or her strategies to different market conditions, as well as for the trader to customise trading strategies to suit his or her own trading style and personality. Therefore, feel free to tweak or modify any of the parameters of these strategies to suit your own preferences.

The 7 strategies in this book must be applied with discipline and a huge dose of common sense. Their rules and guidelines are not set in stone. What I provide is a guide to implementing these strategies so that you can tilt the odds of success to your side. How this book is structured The book contains the following chapters.

Getting Started Find out why the forex market is constantly growing, and why an increasing number of people are turning to trade this particular asset class in their quest to accumulate wealth.

For those who are new to trading, take a look at the differences between investing and trading, and the various choices of trading time frames.

Spot Forex Market Structure The forex market has long been the exclusive playground of the big players, namely banks, institutional investors and hedge funds. But the playground is no longer restricted to just them; individuals can also participate in this speculative game.

It is essential to know where you, the trader, stand in the overall big picture. How To Overcome The Odds Of Trading Forex How are you going to tackle the odds that are stacked against you from the start in the forex trading business? In this chapter, I will highlight the three Ms that have brought me success in this field: Mind, Money and Method.

Many traders, especially the inexperienced ones, are too fixated on finding the perfect trade setup, the perfect trading system or the strategy that never fails, thus neglecting the other more important aspects that are crucial to good trading performance.

Find out what defines the current market sentiment, and how you can incorporate market sentiment analysis into your trading. Strategy 2 — Trend Riding There is so much more to riding trends than simply closing your eyes and buying at any point during an uptrend or short-selling at any point during a downtrend.

This chapter shows you how you can jump on a trend when the trend is the most robust, rather than when it is about to end. This way you can ride a trend with a higher chance of success. Strategy 3 — Breakout Fading Many false breakouts occur in forex price charts, and the occurrence of these fakeouts provides the perfect opportunity for fading breakouts, that is, trading against those breakouts.

In this chapter, I explain why most breakouts fail, and how you can identify high-probability fading opportunities. Strategy 4 — Breakout Trading When currency prices break out of certain price levels, a large sustained move in the direction of the breakout may occur, giving rise to a situation whereby big profits could potentially be captured in the least amount of time.

The main problem with trading breakouts is that many of these breakout attempts fail. In this chapter I walk you through several guidelines of how you can better identify potential breakout opportunities for this strategy. This particular strategy, however, requires that the forex market registers a period of relative calm and low volatility before the strategy is to be implemented.

Strategy 6 — Carry Trade This is a fundamental trading strategy that is highly favoured by institutional investors. In this chapter, I explain how a carry trade works, and highlight some points which you should keep in mind when adopting this strategy in the forex market. Strategy 7 — News Straddling The forex market is extremely sensitive to economic and geopolitical news from around the world, especially those which relate to the industrialised countries.

Find out how you can trade news releases with a higher probability of success. Risk disclosure Trading forex involves substantial risk, and there is always the potential for loss. Your trading results may vary. No representation is made that any information in this book will guarantee profits or prevent losses from trading forex.

You should be aware that no trading strategy can guarantee profits. Further information For more information about my trading strategies, the proprietary PowerFX Course and other forex market information, please visit the following website where I also host a daily forex blog — www.

This book, however, shall focus on the trading of spot forex. The most significant difference between spot forex and futures is that spot forex contracts are traded over-the-counter at no central location, while forex futures are traded on an exchange.

This gives rise to another unique aspect of spot forex — the hour non-stop action; this is one major reason why I enjoy trading spot forex. With round-the-clock trading a person in any time-zone can trade spot forex at any time — whether during the day or night.

The best career decision I have made was to trade forex full-time. Forex trading has brought me both financial and emotional satisfaction, even though my initial learning journey was long and arduous. When I started in forex, I could only find one book on forex trading. Forex was not as popular as stocks or options trading, so there were very few articles in magazines that focused on this field.

I spent the first one and a half years learning how to trade forex and honing my skills on a demo account, before progressing to a real account, when I became consistently profitable. The breakthrough came when I incorporated fundamental and sentiment analysis into my predominantly technical-based analysis.

Even though I was able to dedicate myself to full-time trading, I found the initial learning curve to be extremely steep, as I had no mentor and had to learn all the ways of losing in the market before I learnt how to profit from it. I hope that through this book, aspiring and current traders are able to fast-track their learning, and greatly improve their trading performance.

There are many websites that tell you differently. With this in mind, you should think about opening one of the following two positions:. When there are movements in currencies, a hedging strategy can reduce the risk of disadvantageous price shifts. Step 3 — Immediately switch to the lower time frame As soon as the price touches the 5 EMA on the higher time frame, we immediately drop down to the lower time frame This is the time frame we are trading. Think of it like a garden hose being crimped, with water accelerating out the hose when you squeeze it. The Gold Standard replaced the age-old practice in which kings and rulers arbitrarily devalued money and triggered inflation.

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